diff --git a/docs/users_guide/8.0.1-notes.rst b/docs/users_guide/8.0.1-notes.rst
--- a/docs/users_guide/8.0.1-notes.rst
+++ b/docs/users_guide/8.0.1-notes.rst
@@ -304,6 +304,10 @@
    :ghc-flag:`-this-unit-id` or, if you need compatibility over multiple
    versions of GHC, :ghc-flag:`-package-name`.
 
+-  When :ghc-flag:`-fdefer-type-errors` is enabled and an expression fails to
+   typecheck, ``Control.Exception.TypeError`` will now be thrown instead of
+   ``Control.Exception.ErrorCall``.
+
 GHCi
 ~~~~
 
@@ -527,6 +531,10 @@
 - Enable ``PolyKinds`` in the ``Data.Functor.Const`` module to give ``Const``
   the kind ``* -> k -> *`` (see :ghc-ticket:`10039`).
 
+- Add the ``TypeError`` datatype to ``Control.Exception``, which represents the
+  error that is thrown when an expression fails to typecheck when run using
+  :ghc-flag:`-fdefer-type-errors`. (see :ghc-ticket:`10284`)
+
 binary
 ~~~~~~
 
diff --git a/libraries/base/Control/Exception/Base.hs b/libraries/base/Control/Exception/Base.hs
--- a/libraries/base/Control/Exception/Base.hs
+++ b/libraries/base/Control/Exception/Base.hs
@@ -361,7 +361,9 @@
 -- |An expression that didn't typecheck during compile time was called.
 -- This is only possible with -fdefer-type-errors. The @String@ gives
 -- details about the failed type check.
-data TypeError = TypeError String
+--
+-- @since 4.9.0.0
+newtype TypeError = TypeError String
 
 instance Show TypeError where
     showsPrec _ (TypeError err) = showString err
diff --git a/libraries/base/changelog.md b/libraries/base/changelog.md
--- a/libraries/base/changelog.md
+++ b/libraries/base/changelog.md
@@ -91,6 +91,9 @@
     precision: `log1p`, `expm1`, `log1pexp` and `log1mexp`. These are not
     available from `Prelude`, but the full class is exported from `Numeric`.
 
+  * New `Control.Exception.TypeError` datatype, which is thrown when an
+    expression fails to typecheck when run using `-fdefer-type-errors` (#10284)
+
 ### New instances
 
   * `Alt`, `Dual`, `First`, `Last`, `Product`, and `Sum` now have `Data`,